308 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
308 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
# Tmp
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A simple temporary file and directory creator for [node.js.][1]
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[](https://travis-ci.org/raszi/node-tmp)
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[](https://david-dm.org/raszi/node-tmp)
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[](https://badge.fury.io/js/tmp)
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## About
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This is a [widely used library][2] to create temporary files and directories
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in a [node.js][1] environment.
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Tmp offers both an asynchronous and a synchronous API. For all API calls, all
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the parameters are optional.
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Tmp uses crypto for determining random file names, or, when using templates,
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a six letter random identifier. And just in case that you do not have that much
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entropy left on your system, Tmp will fall back to pseudo random numbers.
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You can set whether you want to remove the temporary file on process exit or
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not, and the destination directory can also be set.
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## How to install
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```bash
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npm install tmp
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```
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## Usage
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### Asynchronous file creation
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Simple temporary file creation, the file will be closed and unlinked on process exit.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.file(function _tempFileCreated(err, path, fd, cleanupCallback) {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log("File: ", path);
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console.log("Filedescriptor: ", fd);
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// If we don't need the file anymore we could manually call the cleanupCallback
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// But that is not necessary if we didn't pass the keep option because the library
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// will clean after itself.
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cleanupCallback();
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});
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```
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### Synchronous file creation
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A synchronous version of the above.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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var tmpobj = tmp.fileSync();
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console.log("File: ", tmpobj.name);
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console.log("Filedescriptor: ", tmpobj.fd);
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// If we don't need the file anymore we could manually call the removeCallback
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// But that is not necessary if we didn't pass the keep option because the library
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// will clean after itself.
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tmpobj.removeCallback();
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```
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Note that this might throw an exception if either the maximum limit of retries
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for creating a temporary name fails, or, in case that you do not have the permission
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to write to the directory where the temporary file should be created in.
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### Asynchronous directory creation
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Simple temporary directory creation, it will be removed on process exit.
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If the directory still contains items on process exit, then it won't be removed.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.dir(function _tempDirCreated(err, path, cleanupCallback) {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log("Dir: ", path);
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// Manual cleanup
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cleanupCallback();
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});
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```
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If you want to cleanup the directory even when there are entries in it, then
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you can pass the `unsafeCleanup` option when creating it.
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### Synchronous directory creation
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A synchronous version of the above.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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var tmpobj = tmp.dirSync();
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console.log("Dir: ", tmpobj.name);
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// Manual cleanup
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tmpobj.removeCallback();
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```
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Note that this might throw an exception if either the maximum limit of retries
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for creating a temporary name fails, or, in case that you do not have the permission
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to write to the directory where the temporary directory should be created in.
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### Asynchronous filename generation
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It is possible with this library to generate a unique filename in the specified
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directory.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.tmpName(function _tempNameGenerated(err, path) {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log("Created temporary filename: ", path);
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});
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```
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### Synchronous filename generation
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A synchronous version of the above.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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var name = tmp.tmpNameSync();
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console.log("Created temporary filename: ", name);
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```
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## Advanced usage
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### Asynchronous file creation
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Creates a file with mode `0644`, prefix will be `prefix-` and postfix will be `.txt`.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.file({ mode: 0644, prefix: 'prefix-', postfix: '.txt' }, function _tempFileCreated(err, path, fd) {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log("File: ", path);
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console.log("Filedescriptor: ", fd);
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});
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```
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### Synchronous file creation
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A synchronous version of the above.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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var tmpobj = tmp.fileSync({ mode: 0644, prefix: 'prefix-', postfix: '.txt' });
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console.log("File: ", tmpobj.name);
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console.log("Filedescriptor: ", tmpobj.fd);
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```
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### Controlling the Descriptor
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As a side effect of creating a unique file `tmp` gets a file descriptor that is
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returned to the user as the `fd` parameter. The descriptor may be used by the
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application and is closed when the `removeCallback` is invoked.
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In some use cases the application does not need the descriptor, needs to close it
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without removing the file, or needs to remove the file without closing the
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descriptor. Two options control how the descriptor is managed:
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* `discardDescriptor` - if `true` causes `tmp` to close the descriptor after the file
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is created. In this case the `fd` parameter is undefined.
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* `detachDescriptor` - if `true` causes `tmp` to return the descriptor in the `fd`
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parameter, but it is the application's responsibility to close it when it is no
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longer needed.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.file({ discardDescriptor: true }, function _tempFileCreated(err, path, fd, cleanupCallback) {
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if (err) throw err;
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// fd will be undefined, allowing application to use fs.createReadStream(path)
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// without holding an unused descriptor open.
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});
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```
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.file({ detachDescriptor: true }, function _tempFileCreated(err, path, fd, cleanupCallback) {
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if (err) throw err;
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cleanupCallback();
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// Application can store data through fd here; the space used will automatically
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// be reclaimed by the operating system when the descriptor is closed or program
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// terminates.
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});
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```
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### Asynchronous directory creation
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Creates a directory with mode `0755`, prefix will be `myTmpDir_`.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.dir({ mode: 0750, prefix: 'myTmpDir_' }, function _tempDirCreated(err, path) {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log("Dir: ", path);
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});
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```
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### Synchronous directory creation
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Again, a synchronous version of the above.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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var tmpobj = tmp.dirSync({ mode: 0750, prefix: 'myTmpDir_' });
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console.log("Dir: ", tmpobj.name);
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```
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### mkstemp like, asynchronously
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Creates a new temporary directory with mode `0700` and filename like `/tmp/tmp-nk2J1u`.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.dir({ template: '/tmp/tmp-XXXXXX' }, function _tempDirCreated(err, path) {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log("Dir: ", path);
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});
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```
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### mkstemp like, synchronously
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This will behave similarly to the asynchronous version.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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var tmpobj = tmp.dirSync({ template: '/tmp/tmp-XXXXXX' });
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console.log("Dir: ", tmpobj.name);
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```
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### Asynchronous filename generation
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The `tmpName()` function accepts the `prefix`, `postfix`, `dir`, etc. parameters also:
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.tmpName({ template: '/tmp/tmp-XXXXXX' }, function _tempNameGenerated(err, path) {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log("Created temporary filename: ", path);
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});
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```
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### Synchronous filename generation
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The `tmpNameSync()` function works similarly to `tmpName()`.
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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var tmpname = tmp.tmpNameSync({ template: '/tmp/tmp-XXXXXX' });
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console.log("Created temporary filename: ", tmpname);
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```
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## Graceful cleanup
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One may want to cleanup the temporary files even when an uncaught exception
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occurs. To enforce this, you can call the `setGracefulCleanup()` method:
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```javascript
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var tmp = require('tmp');
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tmp.setGracefulCleanup();
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```
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## Options
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All options are optional :)
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* `mode`: the file mode to create with, it fallbacks to `0600` on file creation and `0700` on directory creation
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* `prefix`: the optional prefix, fallbacks to `tmp-` if not provided
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* `postfix`: the optional postfix, fallbacks to `.tmp` on file creation
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* `template`: [`mkstemp`][3] like filename template, no default
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* `dir`: the optional temporary directory, fallbacks to system default (guesses from environment)
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* `tries`: how many times should the function try to get a unique filename before giving up, default `3`
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* `keep`: signals that the temporary file or directory should not be deleted on exit, default is `false`, means delete
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* Please keep in mind that it is recommended in this case to call the provided `cleanupCallback` function manually.
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* `unsafeCleanup`: recursively removes the created temporary directory, even when it's not empty. default is `false`
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[1]: http://nodejs.org/
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[2]: https://www.npmjs.com/browse/depended/tmp
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[3]: http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/online/pages/man3/mkstemp.3.html
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